Complications in Pregnancy

Title: Risk factors and Complications in Pregnancy

Complications in Pregnancy( H1)

 

• Anemia  - lack of iron

·         Back pain- particularly common complaint in the third trimester

• Carpal tunnel syndrome - 21% to 62% of cases, possibly due to edema.
• Constipation ( S H 4)  A complaint that is caused by decreased bowel mobility secondary to elevated progesterone which can lead to greater absorption of water.
• Braxton Hicks contractions ( S H 4) Occasional, irregular, and often painless contractions that occur several times per day.
• Edema commonly known as swelling. Common complaint in advancing pregnancy. Caused by compression of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and pelvic veins by the uterus leads to increased hydrostatic pressure in lower extremities.
• Regurgitation, heartburn, and nausea.
• Common complaints that may be caused by Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

 

 

Haemorrhoids ( H2)

• Complaint that is often noted in advancing pregnancy. Caused by increased venous stasis and IVC compression leading to congestion in venous system, along with increased abdominal pressure secondary to the pregnant space-occupying uterus and constipation.

Pelvic girdle pain( H3)

• Complex and multi-factorial
• Altered muscles, injury to ligaments
• Musculo-Skeletal Mechanics involved in weight bearing activities
• Pain, instability in the symphysis pubis and sacroiliac joints.

Fetus in mother’s womb

• Postpartum depression ( S H 4)
• Postpartum psychosis ( S H 4)
• Round Ligament Pain-Pain experienced when the ligaments positioned under the uterus stretch and expand to support the woman's growing uterus
• Thrombo embolic disorders- cause of death in pregnant women
• Increased urinary frequency - caused by increased intravascular volume, compression of the bladder by the expanding uterus.
• Urinary tract infection ( S H 4)
• Varicose veins- Common complaint caused by relaxation of the venous smooth muscle and increased intravascular pressure.
• PUPPP skin disease that develops around the 32nd week. (Pruritic Urticarial Papules and Plaques of Pregnancy)
• Symptoms are red plaques, itchiness around the belly button that spread all over the body except for the inside of hands and face.

More over woman must be very careful in his posture during her sleep and always walk slowly. If any slip occurs while walking sudden fall may cause any injury to both mother and baby. If any injury occurs to the fetus may spoil the life of baby by being a handicap and if mother gets injury taking medicines for her cure may affect the baby. Avoiding jumping, running may reduce the risk factors in the mother’s daily life.

 

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Topic Description:

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Keywords: Pregnancy ,Childbirth, Anemia , third trimester, Carpal tunnel syndrome, edema., Constipation., Braxton Hicks contractions, inferior vena cava, pelvic veins, hydrostatic pressure, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, lower esophageal sphincter, intraabdominal pressure, Haemorrhoids, Pelvic girdle pain, multi-factorial, mal-adaptive’ body mechanics, symphysis pubis, sacroiliac joints, Postpartum psychosis , Pruritic Urticarial Papules, 38 weeks, 42 weeks, diploid, IVF, AI, Menses, periods, Sex organs Diagram, Sex organs Pictures, Reproductive Biology Help, Reproductive Biology Articles, Biology Help, Biology Tutoring, Biology Articles

Reference Links:

ü  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnancy

ü  http://www.enotes.com/topic/Pregnancy

ü  http://www.earthclinic.com/CURES/pregnancy_remedies.html

ü  http://www.suite101.com/content/pregnancy-risks-and-complications-in-older-women-a220882

 

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